It is strongly effective as characterisation, and indeed has literary merit in and of itself. she more than loves him, she admires him, as through his mercurial nature, his temper, his massive dreams and littler cruelties, served her only as sharp reminders of the turbulent longings within him, longings which she shares but lacks the temperament to utter and follow to their end." This passage transcends the usual purpose of stage directions.
On the second page, for example, in his description of Linda, Miller says ". Arthur Miller's stage directions are intriguingly conducive to the latter. It is the director's job both to provide his or her own interpretation of a script, and to convey the playwright's original concepts. The leaves mentioned in the stage directions could take the form of physical leaves strewn across the stage, or they could be represented through lighting effects, creating an entirely different impression. The optional nature of the special effects in Death of a Salesman mean that each stage direction may lead to several different effects in productions. For example, Dustin Hoffman's movie version of the play excludes the opening scene's orange and blue lighted landscape. Individual productions of Death of a Salesman may or may not incorporate individual elements of Miller's stage directions. Special effects are a grey area in terms of literary analysis, as the stage directions in a script are open to a certain degree of reinterpretation by directors. Through effects of lighting and sound, Miller creates characterisation, irony, images, metaphors, tone, and transitions. Arthur Miller uses staging and special effects in Death of a Salesman to create atmosphere and tone, and to express ideas nonverbally to his audience.
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